Heart disease continues to be one of the leading causes of death worldwide, but many of its risk factors can be managed with proactive care and lifestyle changes. Dr Sudipta Mohanty, a renowned expert in cardiovascular health, outlines the major risks to heart health and offers guidance on how to avoid them. Understanding these risks and taking preventative measures can help individuals maintain a healthy heart and significantly reduce their chances of developing cardiovascular diseases.
1. High Blood Pressure (Hypertension)
High blood pressure is a major risk factor for heart disease. Dr. Mohanty emphasizes that hypertension is often a silent condition, meaning that people may have it without any noticeable symptoms. Over time, high blood pressure can damage the blood vessels, making the heart work harder and increasing the likelihood of heart attacks or strokes. To avoid hypertension, Dr. Mohanty recommends regular blood pressure checks, especially for individuals over the age of 40 or those with a family history of hypertension. Maintaining a healthy weight, limiting salt intake, exercising regularly, and managing stress are all essential steps in controlling blood pressure. In some cases, medication may be necessary.
2. High Cholesterol Levels
Cholesterol plays an important role in heart health, but when levels of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol, also known as “bad” cholesterol, rise too high, it can lead to plaque buildup in the arteries, restricting blood flow. Dr. Mohanty stresses the importance of monitoring cholesterol levels regularly to ensure they stay within a healthy range. Eating a diet rich in fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and healthy fats like those found in olive oil and avocados can help lower LDL cholesterol. Increasing physical activity and avoiding foods high in saturated fats are also crucial steps in maintaining good cholesterol levels.
3. Diabetes and Insulin Resistance
People with diabetes or insulin resistance are at a much higher risk of developing heart disease. Dr. Mohanty explains that uncontrolled blood sugar can damage blood vessels and increase inflammation, leading to heart complications. Preventing diabetes through a balanced diet and regular physical activity is key. For individuals who already have diabetes, Dr Sudipta Mohanty advises keeping blood sugar levels well-regulated through diet, exercise, and medication as prescribed by a healthcare provider. Maintaining a healthy weight and avoiding excessive sugar intake are essential for managing blood sugar levels and protecting heart health.
4. Smoking
Smoking is a well-established risk factor for heart disease, and Dr. Mohanty underscores the importance of quitting to protect heart health. Smoking damages the blood vessels, raises blood pressure, and reduces oxygen levels in the blood, all of which contribute to cardiovascular problems. The good news is that quitting smoking can have immediate health benefits. Dr. Mohanty recommends seeking support through smoking cessation programs, therapy, or medication, which can increase the chances of successfully quitting. Within a few weeks of quitting, blood pressure and heart function begin to improve.
5. Sedentary Lifestyle and Obesity
A sedentary lifestyle and obesity are both significant contributors to heart disease. Dr. Mohanty explains that physical inactivity leads to weight gain and increases the risk of high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and diabetes—all of which are linked to heart disease. Regular exercise, such as walking, cycling, or swimming, helps maintain a healthy weight, lowers blood pressure, and improves cholesterol levels. Dr. Mohanty recommends at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise most days of the week, along with a balanced diet, to promote heart health and reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease.
Conclusion
According to Dr Sudipta Mohanty , preventing heart disease begins with understanding the risks and making proactive changes to reduce them. Regular screenings for blood pressure, cholesterol, and blood sugar levels are essential for early detection of heart health issues. Adopting a heart-healthy lifestyle, including maintaining a healthy weight, eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, and quitting smoking, can go a long way in safeguarding cardiovascular health. By taking these steps, individuals can significantly reduce their risk of heart disease and live a healthier, longer life.